Eps 6: electrosurgery Medical Technology
In the monopolar mode, an active electrode concentrates the current to the surgical site and a dispersive (return) electrode channels the current away from the patient.
The cut mode easily cleaves most tissue and does not penetrate very deeply into the surrounding tissue.
The product must be resistant to tearing and other damage that might occur during normal use in the operating room ( ECRI, 2000a ).
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Everett Pena
Podcast Content
The various methods of electrocautery are called electrosurgery, because the electrical device that produces the heated probe can be used in some applications to etch tissue. ElectrocAutery causes the probe to be heated to a high temperature, and the device can be used to assist in various aspects of the process.
This can serve a range of different purposes, such as etching skin, skin grafts and even removing tissue from organs.
In contrast, electrosurgy uses alternating current with high frequency to heat the tissue with ionizing molecules, which leads to an increase in the intracellular temperature. The radio frequency induces intracellular vibrations by using radio frequency waves, such as the frequency of the radio wave.
The monopolar device connects the patient to an electrical circuit triggered by the radio frequency generator. The energy flows through a tines, which act as an active return electrode, and conducts the electricity back to the generator and out again.
According to ValleyLab's electro-surgery principles, using radio frequencies to perform the procedure generates 1,000 times more energy to complete the task than conventional surgical procedures.
Conventional bipolar devices produce adequate hemostasis, but require repeated use and an increased risk of lateral thermal propagation. The bipolar jaw instrument cannot be touched in the same way as a conventional surgical instrument, which leads to an electrical bypass and defective tissue clotting. These limitations of conventional bipolar devices, coupled with the increasing acceptance of complex laparoscopic surgery, have led to the development of advanced "bipolar devices" that seal vessels up to 7 mm in diameter for optimal energy supply and mechanical compression.
The intelligent generator uses the impedance feedback of the fabric to continuously adjust the voltage to the current to achieve an optimal tissue effect. This allows a digitally controlled cutting effect and reproducible cuts regardless of the fabric type. The innovative cut behavior can be used for minimal charring and allows the use of a wide range of surgical instruments with different operating conditions.
RF electrosurgery is used in practically all surgical disciplines, including orthopaedic surgery, neurosurgery, orthopaedics, neurology, ophthalmology, dermatology, obstetrics and gynaecology. Digital technology allows the ASG system to be controlled from any point of the procedure, allowing surgeons to focus on what is important to the patient during surgery, rather than other aspects of the operation.
RF electrosurgery is typically performed with a RF electrosurgery generator, also known as an electrode surgical unit , which contains a handpiece. The difference between monopolar and bipolar instruments is that a monopolar instrument consists of only one electrode, whereas a bipolar instrument comprises all electrodes of its design. RF electrolateral instruments, the dispersive electrodes are much larger than the active ones, and aipolar instruments are characterized by all electrodes in the same design, but are bipolar.
The exact position of the dispersive electrodes in the tissue is not decisive; the heating and the associated tissue effects occur because the current density is higher in front of smaller electrodes. The term began in 1940 and is now used to describe the earth - meaning low-drive electro-surgical machines, which are mainly intended for use in the office.
In the early application of electrosurgery in open surgery, the most common complication that occurred was electrocution. Technological innovations in AEM have been introduced to solve the problems of dispersion of electrodes in the tissue and the effects on the patient's blood flow. In the mid-20th century, in addition to introducing capacities and capacitors into surgical instruments, technological innovations such as capacitive coupling and electromagnetic resonance imaging were introduced for electrosurgery and operative laparoscopy.
Nowadays, the standard method of controlling traumatic surgical blood loss is the use of electro-surgical generators and lasers directed at heat, which localize the blood vessel by clotting the overlying vessel walls. The first to describe the technology of electrosurgery, Dr. Charles E. H. Schiller, was the first in 1920, and in 1928 his colleague J. D. Bowers, a surgeon at the University of California, San Diego, California, was one of the first to use electrotherapy technology in his practice.